Ethical guidelines in research refer to principles and standards that researchers are expected to adhere to when conducting studies involving human participants or animals. These guidelines aim to ensure that research is conducted in an ethical and responsible manner, with the welfare and rights of participants being protected. Some common ethical guidelines in research include obtaining informed consent from participants, ensuring confidentiality and privacy, avoiding deception, minimizing harm, and ensuring that the research benefits outweigh any potential risks. Researchers are also expected to disclose any conflicts of interest, adhere to professional standards, and respect the autonomy and dignity of participants. Ethical guidelines are often set forth by regulatory bodies, institutions, or professional organizations, and researchers are expected to follow these guidelines in order to maintain the integrity and credibility of their research. Failure to adhere to ethical guidelines can result in serious consequences, including the retraction of research findings, loss of funding, and damage to one's reputation in the academic community.